Exact real semantics of ordinary trigonometric comparisons #
Every direct comparator returns the ordering of the exact real function value and rational
boundary. The inverse sine and cosine contracts require an argument in [-1, 1] and use
their usual principal branches. Exact rational values are included: sine, tangent, and
arctangent at zero; cosine at zero; inverse sine at zero; and inverse cosine at one.
Prepared and uncached comparators satisfy the same contracts at every cache size.
Sharing sine enclosures preserves the exact real ordering.
Sharing cosine enclosures preserves the exact real ordering, including cos 0 = 1.
Sharing arctangent enclosures preserves the exact real ordering.
Sine comparison is total and agrees with the real ordering.
Cosine comparison is total and agrees with the real ordering.
Arctangent comparison is total and agrees with the real ordering.
The cosine sign and the residual sign determine the exact tangent ordering.
Tangent comparison terminates and agrees with the exact real value at every rational input.
Inverse sine comparison is total on its real domain, including endpoints and exact zero.
Inverse cosine comparison is total on its real domain, including the exact value at one.